- A+
《大学英语》（A）考试大纲
试点高校网络教育有些公共基础课全国共同考试，旨在遵从网络教育使用型人才的培育方针，关于从业人员持续教育的特征，重在查验学生掌控英语基础常识的水平及使用才能，全部前进现代远程高级学历教育的教育质量。“大学英语”课程是现代远程教育试点高校网络教育实施全国共同考试的有些公共基础课之一。该课程的考试是一种基础水平检测性考试，考试合格者应抵达与成人高级教育本科相应的大学英语课程需求的水平。
考试方法与时刻
考试为机考闭卷考试，满分为100分，时刻为90分钟。
一、交际英语
1.- Mike, l am going to skate in the mountains tomorrow.
- Oh, really?_
A.l am sorry.
B.Thank you.
C.Have a good time.
D.Congratulations!
答案:c
2.- Congratulations! You won the first prize in today's speech contest.
A.Yes, l beat the others.
B.No, no, l didn't do it well.
C.Thank you.
D.It's a pleasure.
答案:c
二、完形填空
Many people would agree that stress is a major problem in modern life. lt is certainly true that worry and quarrel can cause all kinds of illnesses,(1)backache to severe headaches, or even more serious complaints such as high blood pressure.
Many of us think(2)stress as something that other people impose on us. We often complain about how other people put us(3)pressure.But we should try not to let such pressure affect us. we should not forget that we are largely responsible for some of the stress ourselves. We sometimes take(4)more work than our bodies and our minds can handle. We should learn to(5)our limitations. we should be aware of which things are really important and which are not.
答案：from;of;under;on;accept
Each morning, millions of us turn on our radios and televisions for the weather forecast Do the cloudy skies mean rain? Will rising temperatures bring a_spell___to melt snow and ice? Once we hear the forecast, we decide what clothes to wear and___whether__to carry an umbrella or not.
_From time to time__,though, weather forecasts are obviously incorrect Yes, though the accuracy of forecasts has improved in recent years, predicting (猜测)the weather is a fascinating mixture of art and science that is far from ___What is involved in predicting the weather, and how reliable are weather forecasts?
Predicting the weather is not all hard science. The computers can only give some descriptions of the behavior of the atmosphere (大气) Furthermore, even an accurate forecast for a large area may not take__into consideration_the effect of local area on the weather. So some_degree__of art is also necessaryl
Today weathermen have some advanced tools___ , the most basic of which measure air pressure,temperature,humidity, and wind.
predicting the weather,however,is not all hard science. The computers can only give some descriptions of the behavior of the atmosphere. Furthermore, even an accurate forecast Tor a large area may not take __8 the effect of local area on the weather. So some___9 of art is also necessary. Here is where a weather forecaster comes in .He uses his experience and judgment to determine what value to _____10 on the data he receives. This allows him to make a more accurate forecast.
阅览了解
Passage 1
"So, how do you develop a relationship?"” This question was asked of me when l was doing a Relationship Service seminar〈讲座).l have to admit that the question caught me off guard for a brief second. we had been talking "theory" all day and this woman wanted some practical methods for developing any relationship.
After pausing for a minute to collect my thoughts, I stated that the only thing l could do was to tell her the truth from my experience.Somewhat shyly, I began to tell her the story of how my wife and l saved our relationship. My mind flashed back to a time when Karen and l were at a State Fair and l won two red velvet(天鹅绒〉hearts as a prize in one of the midway games.I broke apart the two hearts and gave one to Karen and kept one for myself.
We had been married 10 years and we were going through a bit of a “flat spot"'in our relationship. We still loved each other, but something was missing. Karen did not want the "flatness" to continue. So one day she came up with a plan.She took one of the hearts and hid it in my towel while l was taking a shower .When l went to grab my towel, the red heart spilled out.As l bent down to pick it up, l was overcome with a rush of emotion that made me flash back to the time when l won the red hearts and the love we felt for each other at that moment.
l then hid the heart in her sock drawer. She hid it in my underwear drawer.l hid it in the refrigerator.She wrapped it in plastic wrap and hid it in the peanut butter. Hiding the heart became as much fun as finding it. Each time we hid or found it was a moment to be treasured, like the first moment we fell in love or the first moment we kissed or the first moment we looked into our child?s eyes.Each is cherished(喜爱的)and precious moment.
81. When asked "So, how you develop a relationship?", the author C
.A. was cautious and unwilling to answer the question in a brief moment
B. was well-prepared and could answer the question quickly
C. was unprepared and thus couldn’t answer the question in a brief moment
D. had to admit it was a difficult question
82. The author told the woman his own experience in order to B
A. prove that it?s far from easy to develop a relationship
B.show how people develop a relationship
C. convince her that he and his wife had a happy marriage
D.suggest that he couldn’t offer any concrete method for developing a relationship
83.The sentence "we were going through a bit of a ...flat spot? in our relationship" in Para.3 means that . A
A. their marriage relationship was a little dull
B. they had a smooth marriage relationship
C. their marriage relationship was somewhat funny
D.they had a trying time in their marriage relationship
84.Karen?s plan . D
A. was not practicable in any way
B.turned out a success
c. refreshed the couple
D. brought the couple back to the old times
85. According to the passage, hiding and finding the heart . D
A. benefited the couple in all respects
B. freed the couple from worries
C. reminded the couple of all that they had experienced in their life
D.contributed a lot to their marriage relationship
There are three kinds of goals: short-term, medium-range and long-term goals.Short-term goals are those that usually deal with current activities, which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less, or two weeks, or possible months.lt should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation, our long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our short-term goals, we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.
The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year, or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time, you should never allow yourself to become
discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step, you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow, your motivation and desire will increase.
Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future.They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.
1. Our long-term goals mean a lot A
A. if we complete our short-range goals
B. if we cannot reach solid short-term goals
C. if we write down the dates
D. if we put forward some plans
2. Now short-term goals are built upon D
A. two years
B. long-term goals
c. current activities
D. the goals that have been completed
3. When we complete each step of our goals,C
A. we will win final success
B. we are overwhelmed
c. we should build up confidence of success
D. we should have strong desire for setting new goals
4. Even though our goals are drawn up,B
A. we should stick to them until we complete them
B. we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunities
c. we had better wait for the exciting news of success
D. we have made great decision
5. lt is implied but not stated in the passage that C
A. those who have long-term goals will succeed B. writing down the dates may discourage you
c. the goal is only a guide for us to reach our destination D. everyone should have a goal
psychologists take opposing views of how external(外界的)rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive(认知派的)researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain those rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others. ?
The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary(钱的)rewards sparks in grade-school children suggesting that properly presented inducements(影响)indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal Personality and Social Psychology. ?
"lf they know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Esenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or
creating too much anticipation for rewards. " ?
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students,Esenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading
standards and restore falling grades. ?
In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students handle
challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims. ?
1.Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward .D
A. the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewards?(1)”
B. the amount of monetary rewards for students' creativity
C. the study of relationship between actions and their consequences
D. the effects of external rewards on students' performance?
Which of the following can best raise students' creativity according to Robert Eisenberger? C
A. Assigning them tasks they have not dealt with before.
B. Assigning them tasks which require inventiveness.
C. Giving them rewards they really deserve.
D. Giving them rewards they expect.
What is the response of many educators to external rewards for their students? A
A. They have doubts about them.
B. They have no doubts about them.
c. They approve of them.
D. They avoid talking about them.
The underlined phrase "token economies” in the last paragraph probably refers to B
A. ways to develop economy B. systems of rewarding students C. approaches to solving problems D. methods of improving performance
According to the result of the study mentioned in the passage,want should educators do to Stimulate motivation and creativity?A
A.Give rewards for performances which deserve them.
B. Always promise rewards.
C. Assign tasks which are not very challenging.
D.Be more lenient to students when mistakes are made
5.Which of the following facts about “token economics"is not correct?C
A.Students are assigned challenging tasks.
B.Rewards are given for good performances.
Students are evaluated according to the efforts they put into the task.
D.With token economics,students' creativity can be enhanced.
Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Widespread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap and practical material to write on. The invention of paper meant that more people could be educated because more books could be printed and distributed.Together with the printing press, paper provided an extremely important way to communicate knowledge.
How much paper do you use every year? Probably you cannot answer that question quickly. In 1900 the world's use of paper was about one kilogram for each person a year.Now some countries use as much as 50 kilograms of paper for each person a year. Countries like the United States,England and Sweden use more paper than other countries.
Paper,like many other things that we use today, was first made in China. In Egypt and the West, paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400. The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material made of a water plant.Europeans used parchment for many hundreds of years. Parchment was very strong; it was made from the skin of certain young animals. We have learn of the most important facts of European history from records that were kept on parchment.
1. Countries like the United States, South Korea and Japan use more paper than other countries. F
2. 
The invention of paper meant more job opportunities could be provided than before.T
3. The Egyptians began to use paper widely Around 1900. T
4. Paper, like many other things that we use today, was first made in China.T
5. “Parchment' in the last paragraph means a kind of paper made from the skin of certain young animals.T
23.Sixteen-year-old Maria was waiting in line at the airport in Santo Domingo.She was leaving her native country to join her sister in the United States.She spoke English very well.Though she was very happy she could go abroad,she was feeling sad at leaving her family and friends.As she was thinking all about this,she suddenly heard the airline employee asking her to pick up her luggage and put it on the scales (称).Maria
pulled and pulled.The bag was too heavy and she just couldn't lift it up.The man behind her got very impatient.He,too,was waiting to check in his luggage.
"What's wrong with this girl?" He said,"Why doesn't she hurry up?* He moved forward and placed his bag on the counter,hoping to check in first.He was in a hurry to get a good seat.
Maria was very angry,but she was very polite.And in her best English she said,"Why are you so upset?There are enough seats for everyone on the plane.If you are in such a hurry,why can't you give me a hand with my luggage?"
The man was surprised to hear Maria speak English.He quickly picked up her luggage and stepped back.Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.
1. Maria's story happened on her way back to Santo Domingo. F
2. You believe that the work of the airline employee mentioned in the story is to check people's luggage at the airport. T
3. ."Why are you so upset?” Maria said to the man.She wanted to tell him that he should not be unhappy and worried. T
4. Everyone was looking at him with disapproval."This sentence means that the people around felt sorry for Maria's manners. F
5.The author mentioned Maria's age at the beginning of the story in order to show that she was young but behaved properly. T
英译汉
Traditionally, the young should address the old in a polite way.
传统上，年青人大约礼貌地称号晚年人。
Tom's father has taught English here since he graduated from Peking University.
汤姆的父亲从北京大学结业后就在这儿教英语。
Sooner or later you will stand out as long as you work hard all along.
只需你一向尽力，迟早你会锋芒毕露。
