英语语法想学好,天天看我 第26篇 情态动词的用法

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所属分类:成人英语

情态动词表示说话人对所述动作或状态的态度或看法情态动词本身有词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须和动词原形一起构成谓语在各种人称后都用同样的形式实例He can swim.他会游泳。Must I be here before eight tomorrow?周天我一定要在8点以前来这里吗?

can 与 could 的用法

1、could是can的过去式I can speak several languages very well besides Russian and Korean.除了俄语和韩语外,我还能流利地说几种语言。I couldn't speak well until l was five years old.我直到5岁才说话流利。2、当人们现在决定将来的可能性时,常常用canWe are too busy now, but we can talk about your matter later.现在我们太忙,我们可以以后讨论你的问题。We can talk about this matter later on in my home.我们可以稍后在我家讨论这个问题。3、表达“理论上的可能性”即事件或情况可能发生但并不涉及是否真的会发生有时指一时的情况,常常译为“有时候会”It can be very hot in North China in summer.夏季华北地区会很热。Driving on these snowy roads can be very dangerous.在这些积雪的路上开车有时会很危险。4、在否定和疑问句中,can表达可能性,有惊异、怀疑、不相信之意这时 can 与 could 没有时间上的差异只是 could 的语气更委婉、客气或表示不确定It couldn't be Dad. He won't be back this time of eveinng.不可能是父亲,他不可能晚上这个时候回来。How can that be true?I can’t believe my eyes and ears.那怎么可能是真的?我真不敢相信我的眼睛5、can/could have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测Mary can't have gone to school, for it was Sunday.因为是星期天,玛丽不可能去了学校。6、征求许可时,用could比用can更加迟疑不决,当没有把握的得到允许或需要委婉表达时用could。Could I take this seat, sir, if you don't mind ?先生,如果你不介意,我可以坐这个位子吗?7、当表示允许别人做某事时,用can而不用could— Could I use your cellphone for a while ?我可以用一会儿你的手机吗?— Yes,of course you can.好的,当然可以。

can 与 be able to 的用法区别

两者均可表示能力,有时可互换但be able to比can有更多的时态和更广泛的语法结构Our teacher can't be in the office.我们的老师不可能在办公室。Could they have arrived there already?他们会不会已经到那儿了呢?He can/is able to drive.他会开车。He was able to/could run very fast.他可以跑得很快。He has been able to speak English now.他现在能说英语了。I hope to be able to do the work.我希望能干得了这项工作。I regret not being able to help her.我很遗憾未能帮助她。注意:如果是表示过去具体某次能够做成某事,要用was/were able to,不用could表达将来的能力时,一般用will be able to,而不用canHe worked very hard and was able to pass that examination.他学习非常努力,所以能通过那场考试。If I have fulfilled my present work tomorrow, I'll be able to join your travelling.如果我明天能完成目前的任务,我就能参加你们的旅行。

may 与 might 的用法

might是may的过去式,用来表示委婉语气1、表推测,意为“ 可能;也许 ”用于肯定句中He may come tomorrow.他可能明天来。2、表请求、许可,意为“可能”用might语气要委婉些注意此时的might并不表示过去May I borrow your book?我可以借用你的书吗?3、表祝愿May you succeed.祝你成功。4、表示允许,用于肯定句You may go home.你可以回家了。She said I might use her bike.她说我可以用她的自行车。5、表示客观可能性Take a raincoat with you. It may rain.带着雨衣,可能会下雨。注意:在回答 May I…?这样的问题时通常避免用 Yes,you may以免显得不客气— May I go now ?我现在可以走了吗?— Yes,please. / Please don't.好的。/ 请别走。

must 与 have to 的用法

1、must表示“必须”时,用于肯定句或疑问句表示“禁止、不许”时,用于否定句must只有现在时,表示现在或将来的情况We must return the book to the library on time.我们必须按时把书还给图书馆。If you are ill,you must see the doctor.如果你病了,必须去看医生。2、must表示很有把握的推断表示“必定,一定”只用于肯定句中There's someone knocking on the door. It must be jim.有人敲门。肯定是吉姆。3、must表示自然规律或必然结果What must be will be.注定要发生的事总要发生。All men must die.人终有一死。注意:对must引导的疑问句的否定回答常用needn't— Must I finish my homework now.我现在必须完成作业吗?— No,you needn't.不,不必。5、must 和 have to 虽然都表示“必须”但是have to强调因外界的压力而不得不做,即客观原因而must强调的是主观原因并且have to可用于多种时态而must只用于一般现在时We must obey the rules.我们必须遵循规则。It's raining hard. We have to stay at home.外面下大雨,我们只好待在家里。I'll have to look after my brother next week.下周我将不得不照顾我弟弟。(将来时)I had to go and met her at the station.我只好去车站接她。(过去时)

should 的用法

should作情态动词时的各种形式与作助动词时的形式相同。(1) 表示征求意见Mr. Lee asked if he should get his visa tomorrow.李先生问明天是否可以拿到签证。(2) 表达义务、职责I think today's children should really learn to respect their elders.我认为今天的孩子应当好好学习尊敬长辈。(3) 用来提供帮助、提出建议,要求对方给出意见How do you think I should deal with all kinds of rumors?你认为我应如何应对各种各样的谣言?Should I help you with the community affairs?我可以帮你做一些社区事务吗?(4) 表示说话人的特殊感情,如惊奇、愤怒、失望等It's surprising that Mary should love such a person as jack.玛丽竟然爱像杰克这样的人,真是奇怪。It's unthinkable that the boy should sing such a beautiful song.这孩子竞能唱这么好的歌,真令人难以置信。(5) 表示很大的可能性,常译为“按道理说应该”It's already 10. She promised to come by 10. She should be here at any moment。已经10点了,她答应10点之前来的。她随时都可能来到。(6) should have done表示“本该”You should have invited me to the party yesterday. I had expected you to.昨天你应邀请我来参加宴会的。我本预料你会的。

ought to 的用法

ought to的否定形式为ought not to或 oughtn't [ ':tnt ] to其一般疑问句形式是将 ought 置于主句前(1) 表示职责和义务,提出要求及人们应该去做正确的事或好事Humans ought to stop polluting nature.人类应停止污染大自然了。You ought to make an apology to Joan.你应该向琼道歉。(2) 表示很大的可能性The seats ought to be enough for all the guests.这堂座位应该够所有的客人坐了。(3) 与完成时连用,表示本来该做某事而没做You are late. You ought to
英语语法想学好,天天看我 第26篇 情态动词的用法插图
have arrived five minutes earlier.你来迟了。你本该早来5分钟的。

情态动词 shall 的用法

1、用于第一、第三人称的疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或请求Shall we put off the sports meet until next month?我们能否将运动会推迟到下个月?Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow?汤姆明天可以和我一起去吗?2、用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方的许诺、命令、警告、威胁等You shall get an answer from me by tomorrow.到明天你就会得到我的答复。Tell Jerry that he shall get a gift if he is nice. 告诉杰瑞如果他表现好的话,他就会得到一份礼物。You shall be punished for what you've done.你应为你所做的受到处罚。3、用于第三人称,在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定中“应、必须”No reader shall take a book out of the library without the librarian's permission.不经管理员同意,读者不准把书带出图书馆。The National Meeting shall be held every five years.全国大会每五年举行一次。Those belonging to our club shall wear uniforms.找们俱乐部的成员应该穿统一制服。

dare 的用法

主要用于疑问句或否定句中,一般不用于肯定句中作情态动词She dare not laugh.她不敢笑。Dare he go to see her?他敢去看她吗?

need 的用法

1、作情态动词主要用在疑问句或否定句中,一般不用于肯定句中Need I do
英语语法想学好,天天看我 第26篇 情态动词的用法插图(1)
the washing up?要我来刷碗吗?You needn't work this Saturday.本周六你不必工作。注意由于need不能用于肯定回答所以含有need的疑问句的肯定回答要用must— Need I stay here any longer?我要在这儿待下去吗?— No, you needn't. / Yes, you must.不需要。/是的,需要待下去。2、用于谈论过去表示本来不必做某事但事实上做了某事时,其后要接“have+过去分词”You needn't have told him about my plans.你本不必把我的打算告诉他。I needn't have gone to the office yesterday.昨天我本来没必要去办公室的。3、作实义动词 可用于疑问句、否定句和肯定句Does he need to go so soon?他用得着这么快就走吗?He doesn't need to go.他不需要走。He needs to go.他想走。They need our help.他们需要我们的帮助。

will 与 would 的用法

作情态动词的will,would与作助动词的will,would的形式相同,但意义差别很大1、表示意愿表示自愿做或主动提出做什么,如意志、愿望或决心等。would用于过去的情况I dare say he will come.我揣测他会来的。 Mary said she would arrange everything for him.玛丽说她会为他安排好一切。2、表示请求与you连用表示请求或要求would 比 will 更客气、委婉Will you come this way, please?你能走这条路吗?Would you open the window,please?I feel it is a little hot in here.你愿意打开窗户吗?我感到这里有点儿热。3、will表示规律的“注定会”People will die without air or water.人离开水和空气将会死的。4、表示习惯或特性will用于现在,would用于过去,带有主观性This old man is strange. He will sit for hours without saying anything.这位老人很奇怪。他会坐几个小时而不说话。We would sit around grandpa after supper,listening to his stories.过去晚饭后我们总会坐在爷爷周围,听他讲故事。

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