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?开始前先一起看看mti写作要求:
要求考生能够根据所给的题目和要求撰写一篇符合字数要求的作文，题材一般为议论文、说明文、记叙文。因为mti考试特殊性，很多学校的英文作文写作题目还会跟翻译相关，比如17年山大写作要求是根据莫言的一句话谈谈翻译和世界文学的关系。大部分学校题目会跟当年社会热点、时事新闻挂钩，让学生就某件热议的问题发表自己的观点和看法。作文的总体要求是文体符合题目，内容完整，观点明确，调理清晰，语句通顺，无语法错误。
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练习写作围绕三点：
①词汇：外刊例句、熟词僻义、词根词缀、同义替换、英文释义、翻译拓展训练、背景知识补充
③写作：总结万金油句型、主要论点、有力论据等，并针对重点句型进行仿写训练。
④复盘：纵轴从篇章入手，横轴从词汇、句型、组段出发。做好输入、输出双管齐下巩固训练。
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练习过程落脚点：
①写作思维逻辑
②如何用词？如何用对词？
③如何表达出自己的观点
④如何写出逻辑清晰层次分明的文章
⑤要获“渔之技”而非“鱼之肉”
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?以两个考题为例来分别看看：
topic1 ?旅游景点与传统文化?cultural traditions & money-making tourist attractions
topic2 ?翻译的作用?the role of translation
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?topic1: ?2016暨南大学丨旅游景点与传统文化 cultural traditions & money-making tourist attractions丨以下是题干：
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?some people think that cultural traditions will be destroyed when they are used as money-making machines aimed at tourists. others believe it is the only way to save such traditions in the world today. discuss both sides and give your own opinion.?(400-500 words)
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??相关话题的平行文本如：
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why are cultural traditions important?
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cultural traditions are important because they transmit shared values, stories and goals from one generation to the next.?traditions?encourage?groups of people?to?create and share a collective identity, which in turn?serves to?shape individual identities.
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cultural traditions are expressions of a particular group’s worldview, and they help people in that group mark significant occasions or life transitions. in many cultures,?for example, it is common to celebrate the transition between childhood and adulthood. that celebration could take the form of a?quincea?era, a latin american tradition celebrating a girl’s transition into womanhood, or it may be an australian aboriginal walkabout, when a young man undertakes a long journey through the australian bush.?the specific type of tradition may have a deep and lasting impact on?how that young person sees himself in the future.
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例如，在许多文化中，庆祝童年和成年之间的过渡是很常见的。这种庆祝可以采取静默的形式，这是拉丁美洲庆祝女孩向女性过渡的传统，或者可能是澳大利亚土著人散步，当一个年轻人在澳大利亚丛林中长途跋涉时。特定类型的传统可能会对年轻人未来如何看待自己产生深刻而持久的影响。
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quincea?era?西班牙文 不需要记
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cultural traditions also function to strengthen a sense of community.?in the united states, thanksgiving is a national holiday during which families gather together to share a traditional meal of turkey, stuffing and cranberry sauce.?similarly, the christmas holiday is usually a time when families spend time together. these cultural traditions, along with other factors, help to?reinforce?and maintain what it means to be american.
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?表达提炼:
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cultural traditions are important because they?transmit shared values, stories and goals from one generation to the next.?
traditions encourage?groups of people?to?create and share a collective identity, which in turn?serves to?shape individual identities.
cultural traditions also function to?strengthen a sense of community.?
for example
similarly
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?写作框架跟雅思打法差不多，模式a“三段式”，适合300-400词的议论文，比如专四作文‘模式b“五段式”:适合800词，比如专八作文：
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=writing format a= ?
introduction: paraphrase + your opinion?(+thesis statements)
paragraph 1: discuss the first view + example
paragraph 2: discuss the second view + example
paragraph 3: discuss the third view + example
conclusion: give your summary about this topic
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=writing format a= ?
introduction: paraphrase + your opinion (+thesis statements)
main paragraph: discuss 2-3 views + the examples
conclusion: give your summary about this topic
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=model essay=
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cultural traditions play a pivotal role in the development of human civilization, and it is irrefutable that almost all the countries, whether rich or underdeveloped, promote their domestic tourism by turning many cultural traditions into?“sightseeing zones”①. some individuals support such practices, reckoning that it is the only way to?“keep them alive”, while some others hold the opposite point of view, arguing that the cultural traditions made into?“cash cows”?are doomed to destruction②. personally, i agree with the idea of the former③.
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first and foremost, one of the most important meaning of cultural traditions is to transmit share values, stories and goals from one generation to another. therefore, it is fair to say that these sites would provide tremendous benefits for cultural spreading when they are turned into tourist attractions①. numerous cultural-loaded places and activities are becoming trivial for contemporary people②. by visiting these places during travelling, people will get a better understanding of the culture and history of the country they visit, which presents an excellent way to protect and preserve them③. secondly, making cultural heritages famous touristic attractions ensures better maintenance④. to be more specific, the large amount of money brought by tourist industry enables the government to cope with the extremely high maintenance fee and even employ state-of-the-art technologies to keep a far better condition of the traditional sites in the long run⑤. it may sounds reasonable that the more tourists visit historical places, the more damage they may bring to the cultural traditions, but it is true that tourism can help a nation to develop and represent itself⑥. as more visitors come to see and appreciate these attractions, they would obtain more public attention and thus being cherished more than the arguers’?imagine⑦.?
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in conclusion, although?some?people hold the view that tourists will?cause?great damage to cultural traditions,?it is undeniable that, as what has been mentioned above, the only way to preserve cultural traditions is to let them be known and viewed by people as much as possible. i truly believe that with proper guidance and publicity, we will see a growing number of visitors who finally come to know the culture-based significance of these attractions. and no matter what, it is far from smart for any country to boost economy at the expense of their historic interest and natural beauty. (415 words)
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??topic2: ?2016华南理工丨翻译的作用?the role of translation丨以下是题干：
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write an essay of at least 400 words in english with the title listed below.?
the role of translation in chinese culture going global
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类似的话题还有2017年国际关系学院的真题：
?please comment on the following quote in no fewer than 300 words:
没有翻译家，世界文学就是句空话。——莫言
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the 2012 nobel literature prize winner mo yan once said:”without the translator, world literature is just a hollow word.”?
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这种类型的作文话题甚至会出现在汉语写作与百科知识科目中的大作文考题中，切入点还是要先?审题/从已知信息中提炼出关键信息：
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①没有翻译家，世界文学就是句空话。——莫言
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关键词：
翻译
文学
莫言
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观点即可可以提炼出来，题干想让学生们谈谈翻译对文学的作用，这是从狭义的角度出发的，而文学的背后也是文化，所以我们甚至可以从这里为切口，将话题进一步上升到翻译对文化传播的作用。
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而莫言的作品之所以能为西方读者熟知，并且能得到广受好评，与他作品的翻译葛浩文有着密不可分的因果关系。
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葛浩文(howard goldblatt)，美国著名的汉学家，是2012年诺贝尔文学奖得主莫言作品的英文译者。出生于1939年，20世纪60年代服役期间在台湾学习汉语，后获得印第安纳大学中国文学博士学位。 目前是英文世界地位最高的中国文学翻译家，已经翻译了30多个中文作家的60多部作品 ，是有史以来翻译中文小说最多的翻译家。
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他的译作主要有：
莫言《红高粱》《丰乳肥臀》《生死疲劳》《檀香刑》《变》《蛙》《透明的红
萝卜》
萧红《呼兰河传》《生死场》《马伯乐》《商市街》《手:短篇小说集》
苏童《我的帝王生涯》《碧奴》《河岸》《米》
王朔《玩的就是心跳》《千万别把我当人》
冯骥才《三寸金莲》
老舍《骆驼祥子》《老舍短篇小说集》
贾平凹《浮躁》《废都》
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魔幻现实主义hallucinatory realism
《红高粱》 red sorghum
《檀香刑》 sandalwood death
《丰乳肥臀》 big breasts and wide hips
《酒国》 the republic of wine
《生死疲劳》 life and death are wearing me out
《蛙》frog
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所以题干反手就变成了我们切入主题的一条论据。即“如果没有葛浩文的翻译，莫言的作品就不可能为西方读者所熟知，更不可能拿到获得诺奖的机会”，由此可见翻译的重要性。
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类似的论据还可以找林语堂，因为他本身用英语写传递中国文化和国民精神的作品，使西方读者了解中国人和中国文化，因此有必要知道一些作品英文名字，之前说过的吾国与吾民，京华烟云等），下一个例子，立刻就可以举出许渊冲，他的译作英文也需要知道。
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唐宋诗一百五十首?
golden treasury of tang and song poetry 汉英对照 许渊冲译
元明清诗一百五十首
golden treasury of yuan, ming, qing poetry
西厢记
the romance of western bower?
动地诗 ?中国现代革命家诗词选 ?
earth-haking songs
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下一步再谈世界文学，上面的角度是中国向外国输出，那我们还可以换一个视角从国外文学英译汉角度出发：
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比如朱生豪翻译《莎士比亚全集》the complete works of william shakespeare
王佐良翻译《论读书》of study
最后可以从翻译的重要性扣回译者的重要性，和译者的使命/需要具备的素质，等等。
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②the role of translation in chinese culture going global
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关键词：
translation
chinese culture going global
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比第一个还要简单一点，范围更加缩小，即谈谈你对“翻译对中国文化走出去”的理解。
好玩的是，这个话题在汉语写作与百科知识的考试真题中也出现过：
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近几年来 中国文化走出去的呼声越来越激烈 谈谈你对中国文化走出去的理解和看法
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这道题的陷阱在于：
词眼到底是在中国文化还是在走出去？是强调源远流长的中华文化？应该以什么样的态度对待中华文化？还是目光锁定在走出去 分析中外文化交流所需要的媒介 最后落实到翻译上？哪个更有深度？哪个更贴合主题？
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很多人直接将重点落在中华文化上，但其实题眼在走出去，英语写作因为加了“翻译”这个要素，所以在提取论点时似乎没有百科大作文那么难，但无论如何，写议论文最重要的就是要找准题眼，不要跑题，且论据也要合乎你的论点。
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language is the carrier of culture. translation is the inevitable process for a culture to be spread out.
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具体操作我们可以分为以下四点：
1?大背景：中华文化走出去的需求
2?亮观点：翻译对文化传播的重要性
3?列论据：
参考①里面，基本都可以，此外我们还可以阅读平行文本，也就是下一环节，积累素材阶段。
4?作升华：
①可以直接conclusion，再强调翻译的重要性，如果没有翻译的话，会怎样怎样；
②可以“正观点+反观点（让步）+回扣/升华（正观点）”，谈问题，有能力的话还可以写几条解决方案，最后一句话升华/扣回主题/首尾呼应。
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??素材整理:
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01?importance of translation
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on a serious note, translation is one of the most critical jobs in modern society. as the whole globe is coming together based on information sharing and communicative advances, it is only natural that there has been a constant demand and an unprecedented need for translation of ideas from one language to another.?①translation plays a vital role in the performance of international companies and governments alike.?②?we have had incidences in human history, where entire wars were initiated just because of misinterpretations and business relations severed due to failure of communications.?translation is no longer just the process of translating words, but has evolved into the transformation of meaning and intentions.?③
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02?significance of translation
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vital for multinationals
for companies which operate in multiple countries, translation is inevitable. sometimes they need to pass information or collect data from all the employees or branches across the world. in this scenario, it is necessary that they translate the information to and fro. moreover, in scenarios where they need to negotiate terms with international governments or other local companies for tie-ups, they need to have proper translation of proposals and demands.
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external affairs of a nation
in today’s world, international diplomacy is the most important of all external affairs. many a times the world leaders are expected to present their ideas on situations arising in other parts of the world. it is important that those ideas are translated properly when expressed; else they can result in major catastrophes. moreover, international dialogues on different matters rest heavily on successful translation.
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cultural interchange
translation of various art forms like music, films and literature from a region is necessary for global understanding of a region and its life. the plight of palestine refugees, the poverty in brazilian streets, the colorful life in spanish cities and the myths and legends of ancient india are spreading across the world, riding on the shoulder of good translation. translated films and subtitled films generate more revenue for global film industry, while translated music and literature provides added royalties to the artists. recognition from the world stage and international fame is an added bonus.
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transfer of news
world events can only be transmitted accurately if the correct information is received by news agencies. this involves proper translation of news coming from local bodies and regional centers. unless proper translation is done, the news will be ambiguous and unreliable. an example for this can be seen when the government of china recently banned international news agencies from entering local regions for covering a major problem. however, information was still passed on to the world. insiders covered all the important news, which was later translated and presented to the world.
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for the realization of global village
the global citizenship can only be achieved through sharing and caring. we need to be able to communicate our ideas and thoughts without delay or ambiguity. different people around the world use different languages and are most comfortable handling their online activities in their own regional languages, but they translate their thoughts in english, so that global friends can understand them.
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to boost tourism
tourists around the world complain of being short-changed and tricked, as they are unfamiliar with the destinations. the primary reason for such negative experiences is the absence of proper translation. when we can offer proper translation to tourists along with genuine guidance, we assure the quality of our region as a tourist friendly destination and ensure success. this not only makes the country as a popular tourist destination, but also helps in increasing the revenue of the country men and the country as a whole.
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?信息整合：
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paragraph 1
近年来中国经济实力不断增强，国际竞争多元化，日益依赖于文化影响力，因此中华文化走出去的呼声越来越激烈，翻译作为文化传播的桥梁，在中外文化交流中发挥着功不可没的媒介作用。（背景+观点）
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paragraph 2
1?as the whole globe is coming together based on information sharing and communicative advances, it is only natural that there has been a constant demand and an unprecedented need for translation of ideas from one language to another.?
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2?translation of various art forms like music, films and literature from a region is necessary for global understanding of a region and its life.?take literature translation as an example......这样就可以跟话题①里提到的各种名家名篇串联起来构成分论点和分论据了。
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for the realization of global village
the global citizenship can only be achieved through sharing and caring. we need to be able to communicate our ideas and thoughts without delay or ambiguity. different people around the world use different languages and are most comfortable handling their online activities in their own regional languages, but they translate their thoughts in english, so that global friends can understand them.
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paragraph 3
目前，谈现在翻译市场鱼龙混杂，存在很多问题，翻译行业和翻译标准目前再国内市场来看也不完善。中华文化如何凭借翻译走出去呢？
提自己的看法，即“解决方案”：
1?我们要学习老一辈的翻译家，将翻译的动机放得纯粹一些，不要为了物质利益而去从事如此神圣的工作
2?国家可以树立翻译奖项，院校可以开设翻译讲座等
3?更多高校可以设立翻译硕士招生点，积极引导更多跨专业但对翻译感兴趣的人才加入“文化走出去任务小组”。
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最后一句话收尾，起到画龙点睛作用：
传播中国故事，是翻译的重要功能之一，而讲好中国故事，则是每个翻译人的使命。
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ok差不多就是这样啦，有问题欢迎批评指正，正文中涉及到的背景知识可以作为百科考点积累，形成系统化的学习体系。英语学习是慢工出细活，平时一点一滴的积累会触发“蓦然回首，那人却在灯火阑珊处”的境界效果，不怕犯错，就怕知道自己错但嘴上挂着各种原因而迟迟不改，大家一起加油，遇见更好的自己(? ?_?)??
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